The work
group is recommending that this disorder be reformulated as the Obsessive-Compulsive Type.
Individuals
who match this personality disorder type are ruled by their need for order,
precision, and perfection. Activities are conducted in super-methodical
and overly detailed ways. They have intense concerns with time,
punctuality, schedules, and rules. Affected individuals exhibit an
overdeveloped sense of duty and obligation, and a need to try to complete all
tasks thoroughly and meticulously. The need to try to do things perfectly
may result in a paralysis of indecision, as the pros and cons of alternatives
are weighed, such that important tasks may not ever be completed. Tasks,
problems, and people are approached rigidly, and there is limited capacity to
adapt to changing demands or circumstances. For the most part, strong
emotions – both positive (e.g., love) and negative (e.g., anger) – are not
consciously experienced or expressed. At times, however, the individual
may show significant insecurity, lack of self confidence, and anxiety
subsequent to guilt or shame over real or perceived deficiencies or failures.
Additionally, individuals with this type are controlling of others,
competitive with them, and critical of them. They are conflicted about
authority (e.g., they may feel they must submit to it or rebel against it),
prone to get into power struggles either overtly or covertly, and act
self-righteous or moralistic. They are unable to appreciate or understand
the ideas, emotions, and behaviors of other people.
Instructions
A.
Type rating. Rate the patient’s personality
using the 5-point rating scale shown below. Circle the number that best
describes the patient’s personality.
5
= Very Good Match: patient exemplifies this type
4
= Good Match: patient significantly resembles this type
3
= Moderate Match: patient has prominent features of this type
2
= Slight Match: patient has minor features of this type
1
= No Match: description does not apply
B.
Trait ratings. Rate extent to which the
following traits associated with the Obsessive-Compulsive Type are
descriptive of the patient using this four-point scale:
0 =
Very little or not at all descriptive
1
= Mildly descriptive
2
= Moderately descriptive
3
= Extremely descriptive
1. Compulsivity:
Perfectionism
Insistence
on everything being flawless, without errors or faults, including own and
others’ performance; conviction that reality should conform to one’s own ideal
vision; holding oneself and others to unrealistically high standards;
sacrificing of timeliness to ensure every detail is correct
2. Compulsivity:
Rigidity
Being
rule- and habit-governed; belief that there is only one right way to do things;
insistence on an unchanging routine; difficulty adapting behaviors to changing
circumstances; processing of information on the basis of fixed ideas and
expectations; difficulty changing ideas and/or viewpoint, even with
overwhelming contrary evidence
3. Compulsivity:
Orderliness
Need for
order and structure; insistence on everything having a correct place or order
and on keeping them so; intolerance of things being “out of place”; concern
with details, lists, arrangements, schedules
4. Compulsivity:
Perseveration
Persistence
at tasks long after behavior has ceased to be functional or effective; belief
that lack of success is due solely to lack of effort or skill; continuance of
the same behavior despite repeated failures.
5. Negative
Emotionality: Anxiousness
Feelings
of nervousness, tenseness, and/or being on edge; worry about past unpleasant
experiences and future negative possibilities; feeling fearful and threatened
by uncertainty
6. Negative
Emotionality: Pessimism
Having a
negative outlook on life; focusing on and accentuating the worst aspects of
current circumstances; expecting the worst outcome
7. Negative
Emotionality: Guilt/shame
Having
frequent and persistent feelings of guilt/ shame/ blameworthiness, even over
minor matters; believing one deserves punishment for wrongdoing
8. Introversion:
Restricted Affectivity
Lack of
emotional experience and display; emotional reactions, when evident, are
shallow and transitory; unemotional, even in normally emotionally arousing
situations
9. Antagonism:
Oppositionality
Displaying
defiance by refusing to cooperate with requests, meet obligations, or complete
tasks; behavioral resistance to performance expectations; resentment and undermining
of authority figures
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